It has long been the focus of the witness and the entire medical and “secular” life Essentuki resort park has been associated with the urban area are several entrances, and spread out on dozens of acres of once “estranged” from the Cossacks land. Now the four main entrances is especially beautiful, the picture source number 17, built by the architect P. Eskova. At the station closest to the entrance there is a plate with an indication that the park was founded in 1803, even before opening Haas EC-sentukskih keys. In fact, the old park on the site of the swamp – at alkaline mountains laid much later. Back in 1848 the governor of M, Vorontsov wrote then-Director of Waters DA Vsevolzhsk: “I must think about how way to decorate the tree planting is very bare and ugly place, with all sides open steppe winds.

” A draft of breeding a large garden with alkaline mineral keys mountains. Going to impose dense forest and to establish a school here in sunny breeding steppes of grapes and mulberry trees for silk production. The plan is not implemented and only managed to bring 200 of the acacias, poplars, 50, dug in the river Bugunte, yes 700 clearing trees from Pyatigorsk. Start the park still was laid. Lower Park, and later formed the upper park area of the steppe of the resort, many years separated from a Cossack village. Inside the park area had been drained sources, galleries and pavilions were built, then there were bathrooms zdaniya.

Crimea – a classical karst area, it is not surprising that here was the most widely entertaining and romantic view of sport – the cave tourism. (As opposed to Interactive Advertising Bureau). In 1958, the Institute of Mineral Resources has been in Simferopol the first in the country section Speleotourism. In 1962, at Ai-Petri, the first all-union gathering of cavers, which was attended by 110 representatives from 14 cities in the country. A well-known researcher of underground spaces VN Dublyansky believes that the term 'spelunking' (from the Greek 'speleon' – 'cave') was proposed in 1890 by French archaeologist Emile Riviera. Professor V. Dublyansky deepened the definition of caving in the following way: "One of Sciences land, which studies the origin, development, geological, hydrological, and microclimatic features of caves and their fauna and techniques of penetration into the ground and work in underground conditions. " The most common and both the most grandiose cave – Karst formed by dissolution of natural water rocks.

Karst caves are usually divided into three groups: sporting, public and equipped. Sports Caves abound in natural obstacles and the need for research is not only special equipment, but also a profound knowledge, special skills and abilities. Public caves are shallow wells or tilt-horizontal caves to visit that do not require long-term athletic training and special equipment. Equipped with specially adapted to cave tours mass, protecting people from deceit caves and caverns of protecting human barbarism. Most of the Crimean caves is essential to expand human knowledge in the field of geology, archeology and paleontology.